// Copyright David Abrahams 2002. Permission to copy, use,
// modify, sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
#ifndef ITERATOR_DWA2002510_HPP
# define ITERATOR_DWA2002510_HPP

# include <boost/python/object/iterator_core.hpp>
# include <boost/python/class_fwd.hpp>
# include <boost/python/return_value_policy.hpp>
# include <boost/python/copy_const_reference.hpp>
# include <boost/python/object/function.hpp>
# include <boost/python/reference.hpp>
# include <boost/type.hpp>
# include <boost/python/from_python.hpp>
# include <boost/mpl/apply.hpp>
# include <boost/bind.hpp>
# include <boost/bind/protect.hpp>

namespace boost { namespace python { namespace objects {

// CallPolicies for the next() method of iterators. We don't want
// users to have to explicitly specify that the references returned by
// iterators are copied, so we just replace the result_converter from
// the default_iterator_call_policies with a permissive one which
// always copies the result.
struct default_iterator_call_policies
    : default_call_policies
{
    struct result_converter
    {
        template <class R>
        struct apply
        {
            typedef to_python_value<R> type;
        };
    };
};

// Instantiations of these are wrapped to produce Python iterators.
template <class NextPolicies, class Iterator>
struct iterator_range
{
    iterator_range(ref sequence, Iterator start, Iterator finish);

    ref m_sequence; // Keeps the sequence alive while iterating.
    Iterator m_start;
    Iterator m_finish;
};

namespace detail
{
  // Guts of the iterator's next() function. We can't just wrap an
  // ordinary function because we don't neccessarily know the result
  // type of dereferencing the iterator. This also saves us from
  // throwing C++ exceptions to indicate end-of-sequence.
  template <class Iterator, class Policies>
  struct iterator_next
  {
      static PyObject* execute(PyObject* args_, PyObject* kw, Policies const& policies)
      {
          typedef iterator_range<Policies,Iterator> range_;
          
          PyObject* py_self = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args_, 0);
          from_python<range_*> c0(py_self);
          range_* self = c0(py_self);

          // Done iterating?
          if (self->m_start == self->m_finish)
          {
              objects::set_stop_iteration_error();
              return 0;
          }
    
          // note: precall happens before we can check for the result
          // converter in this case, to ensure it happens before the
          // iterator is dereferenced. However, the arity is 1 so
          // there's not much risk that this will amount to anything.
          if (!policies.precall(args_)) return 0;

          PyObject* result = iterator_next::convert_result(*self->m_start);
          ++self->m_start;
          
          return policies.postcall(args_, result);
      }
   private:
      // Convert the result of dereferencing the iterator. Dispatched
      // here because we can't neccessarily get the value_type of the
      // iterator without PTS. This way, we deduce the value type by
      // dereferencing.
      template <class ValueType>
      static PyObject* convert_result(ValueType& x)
      {
          typedef typename Policies::result_converter result_converter;
          typename mpl::apply1<result_converter,ValueType&>::type cr;
          if (!cr.convertible()) return 0;

          return cr(x);
      }
  };

  // Get a Python class which contains the given iterator and
  // policies, creating it if neccessary. Requires: NextPolicies is
  // default-constructible.
  template <class Iterator, class NextPolicies>
  ref demand_iterator_class(char const* name, Iterator* = 0, NextPolicies const& policies = NextPolicies())
  {
      typedef iterator_range<NextPolicies,Iterator> range_;

      // Check the registry. If one is already registered, return it.
      ref result(
          objects::registered_class_object(converter::undecorated_type_id<range_>()));
        
      if (result.get() == 0)
      {
          // Make a callable object which can be used as the iterator's next() function.
          ref next_function(
              new objects::function(
                  objects::py_function(
                      bind(&detail::iterator_next<Iterator,NextPolicies>::execute, _1, _2, policies))
                  , 1));
    
          result = class_<range_>(name)
              .def("__iter__", identity_function())
              .setattr("next", next_function)
              .object();

      }
      return result;
  }

  // This class template acts as a generator for an ordinary function
  // which builds a Python iterator.
  template <class Target, class Iterator
            , class Accessor1, class Accessor2
            , class NextPolicies
            >
  struct make_iterator_help
  {
      // Extract an object x of the Target type from the first Python
      // argument, and invoke get_start(x)/get_finish(x) to produce
      // iterators, which are used to construct a new iterator_range<>
      // object that gets wrapped into a Python iterator.
      static PyObject* create(
          Accessor1 const& get_start, Accessor2 const& get_finish
          , PyObject* args_, PyObject* /*kw*/)
      {
          // Make sure the Python class is instantiated.
          demand_iterator_class<Iterator,NextPolicies>("iterator");

          to_python_value<iterator_range<NextPolicies,Iterator> > cr;

          // This check is probably redundant, since we ensure the
          // type is registered above.
          if (!cr.convertible())
              return 0;

          // Extract x from the first argument
          PyObject* arg0 = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args_, 0);
          from_python<Target> c0(arg0);
          if (!c0.convertible()) return 0;
          typename from_python<Target>::result_type x = c0(arg0);

          // Build and convert the iterator_range<>.
          return cr(
              iterator_range<NextPolicies,Iterator>(
                  ref(arg0, ref::increment_count)
                  , get_start(x), get_finish(x)));
      }
  };
}

// Create a Python callable object which accepts a single argument
// convertible to the C++ Target type and returns a Python
// iterator. The Python iterator uses get_start(x) and get_finish(x)
// (where x is an instance of Target) to produce begin and end
// iterators for the range, and an instance of NextPolicies is used as
// CallPolicies for the Python iterator's next() function. 
template <class NextPolicies, class Target, class Accessor1, class Accessor2>
inline ref make_iterator_function(
    Accessor1 const& get_start, Accessor2 const& get_finish
    , NextPolicies* , boost::type<Target>*)
{
    typedef typename Accessor1::result_type result_type;
      
    return ref(
        new objects::function(
            objects::py_function(
                boost::bind(
                    &detail::make_iterator_help<
                    Target,result_type,Accessor1,Accessor2,NextPolicies
                    >::create
                    , get_start, get_finish, _1, _2)
                )
            ,1 ));
}

//
// implementation
//
template <class NextPolicies, class Iterator>
inline iterator_range<NextPolicies,Iterator>::iterator_range(
    ref sequence, Iterator start, Iterator finish)
    : m_sequence(sequence), m_start(start), m_finish(finish)
{
}

}}} // namespace boost::python::objects

#endif // ITERATOR_DWA2002510_HPP